• Apelin APJ triggers a variety of

  2024-03-16

  

  Apelin/APJ triggers a variety of cellular signaling pathways (Fig. 1). Recent studies from our laboratory showed that apelin-13 induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by the upregulation of Cyclin D1 expression, which is involved in an ERK-dependent activation of Jagged-1/Notch3 si

• br Implementation of sacubitril valsartan into clinical prac

  2024-03-16

  

  Implementation of sacubitril/valsartan into clinical practice Following on from the results of PARADIGM-HF, sacubitril/valsartan was given regulatory approval for use in patients who conform to the main inclusion criteria of the trial; NYHA functional class II–IV, reduced left ventricular ejectio

• Kuda et al reported that the activity of aminopeptidase A

  2024-03-16

  

  Kuda et al. (1997) reported that the activity of aminopeptidase A (ApA) but not aminopeptidase B (ApB) nor aminopeptidase N (ApN) was decreased in plasma from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). More recently Puertas et al. (2013) reported that the activities of plasma ApA, ApB, ApN and IRAP wer

• Interest in natural products has led to the

  2024-03-15

  

  Interest in natural products has led to the study of plant extracts as sources of ARIs. However, chemical complexity of natural extracts makes the identification of ARIs challenging and time-consuming. Identification of bioactive compounds with the desired biological effect from natural products, c

• br Materials and methods br Results and discussion First we

  2024-03-15

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion First, we examined whether hypothalamic Akt-mediated signaling pathways are regulated postprandially in chickens. Refeeding significantly (P src inhibitor concentrations significantly increased in chicks after 1 h of refeeding (958 ± 245% of 24 h-fa

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements We would like

  2024-03-15

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgements We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.jp) for English language editing. This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant Number 24592576. Co-existence of β- and β-adrenergic recept

• br Introduction Adenosine deaminase ADA also

  2024-03-15

  

  Introduction Adenosine deaminase (ADA), also known as adenosine aminohydrolase, is a key enzyme involved in the purine metabolism that converts adenosine to inosine irreversibly (Lupidi et al., 1997). It is a zinc containing metalloenzyme present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans ADA

• Concerning asthma in a study evaluating

  2024-03-15

  

  Concerning asthma, in a study evaluating the effect of tiotropium in severe asthma, the sputum eosinophil count and exhaled nitric oxide were also assessed. However, evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of tiotropium was difficult because these markers were low at baseline and thereafter. In a

• The present in vitro pharmacological

  2024-03-15

  

  The present in vitro pharmacological experiments revealed that the cholinergic up-regulation of VEGF expression in neurons and astrocytes was mainly mediated by nicotinic AChR and muscarinic AChR, respectively. In addition, neuronal VEGF expression was elevated by endogenous ACh in a manner that was

• A review has recently been published to

  2024-03-15

  

  A review has recently been published to evaluate the potential effects of food, alcohol and Betamethasone Dipropionate juices on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drugs for BPH. The authors reviewed the PubMed database during the years 1991–2015. In addition, a digital version of Sto

• br Funding br Introduction l

  2024-03-15

  

  Funding Introduction l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) is the gold-standard treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its chronic use induces severe motor complications that eventually limit its long-term efficacy (Bastide et al., 2015). The most disabling side

• br Discussion The measurement of gonadotropins FSH LH is cri

  2024-03-15

  

  Discussion The measurement of Sodium Picosulfate (FSH, LH) is critical in the evaluation and assessment of 46,XX females presenting with primary amenorrhea and lack of pubertal development. A serum level of FSH higher than 40 U/L is diagnostic of ovarian failure (6), as seen in the present case.

• Nocodazole br Disclosure br Acknowledgement br Introduction

  2024-03-15

  

  Disclosure Acknowledgement Introduction CYP17A1 is a multifunctional enzyme with both 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities and is essential for the biosynthesis of steroidal Nocodazole in male testes and adrenal glands. The 17α-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1 is involved in the conve

• br ATX LPA pathway in

  2024-03-15

  

  ATX–LPA pathway in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis Several animal models have been used to characterize the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis and to test new therapeutic strategies. The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model (Courtenay et al., 1980, Luross and Williams, 2

• ATX LPA signaling in cancer is also well known to

  2024-03-15

  

  ATX/LPA signaling in cancer is also well known to promote chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance [7]. Furthermore, others have recently shown that endothelial-derived ATX activity in renal cell carcinoma promotes renal tumorgenesis and acquired resistance to sunitinib through an IL-8-mediated mech

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